GB51445-2021：锑冶炼厂工艺设计标准

GB51445-2021······1

1 总则······11

2 术语······12

3 原料、辅助材料和燃料······14

3.1 原料······14

3.2 辅助燃料······14

3.3 燃料······15

4 物料贮存及准备······17

4.1 物料贮存······17

4.2 物料准备······17

5 火法粗炼······19

5.1 一般规定······19

5.2 平炉挥发焙烧······19

5.3 鼓风炉挥发熔炼······20

5.4 鼓风炉富氧挥发熔炼······21

5.5 沸腾焙烧······22

5.6 烧结焙烧······23

5.7 鼓风炉还原熔炼······23

5.8 侧吹熔池熔炼······24

5.9 铅锑合金吹炼······25

5.10 底吹还原熔炼······26

5.11 反射炉还原熔炼······27

6 火法精炼······28

6.1 一般规定······28

6.2 反射炉精炼······28

7 湿法工艺······30

7.1 一般规定······30

7.2 酸性湿法工艺······30

7.3 碱性湿法工艺······31

7.4 矿浆电解工艺······32

8 火法生产锑白······34

8.1 一般规定······34

8.2 合金生产锑白······34

8.3 锑锭生产锑白······35

9 综合回收······36

9.1 一般规定······36

9.2 金回收······36

9.3 砷碱渣处置······37

9.4 铅渣回收······37

10 冶金计算······39

11 车间配置······41

11.1 一般规定······41

11.2 物料贮存及物料准备······41

11.3 鼓风炉挥发熔炼······41

11.4 反射炉还原熔炼、精炼······42

11.5 湿法车间······42

本标准用词说明······43

引用标准名录······44

附：条文说明······46

1 总则······50

2 术语······51

3 原料、辅助材料和燃料······52

3.1 原料······52

3.2 辅助燃料······52

3.3 燃料······52

4 物料贮存及准备······53

4.1 物料贮存······53

4.2 物料准备······53

5 火法粗炼······55

5.1 一般规定······55

5.2 平炉挥发焙烧······55

5.3 鼓风炉挥发熔炼······56

5.4 鼓风炉富氧挥发熔炼······56

5.5 沸腾焙烧······56

5.6 烧结焙烧······57

5.7 鼓风炉还原熔炼······57

5.8 侧吹熔池熔炼······58

5.9 铅锑合金吹炼······59

5.10 底吹还原熔炼······60

5.11 反射炉还原熔炼······62

6 火法精炼······63

6.1 一般规定······63

6.2 反射炉精炼······63

7 湿法工艺······65

7.1 一般规定······65

7.2 酸性湿法工艺······65

7.3 碱性湿法工艺······68

7.4 矿浆电解工艺······68

8 火法生产锑白······71

8.1 一般规定······71

8.2 合金生产锑白······71

8.3 锑锭生产锑白······72

9 综合回收······74

9.1 一般规定······74

9.2 金回收······74

9.3 砷碱渣处置······74

9.4 铅渣回收······74

10 冶金计算······76