GB/T50095-2014：水文基本术语和符号标准

本标准共分13章和2个附录,主要内容包括:总则、通用术语、水文站网、水文监测、水文数据处理、水文情报预报、水文水利计算、水资源、水环境、水生态、水文仪器及计量、水文实验和符号等。

GBT50095-2014······1

1总则······16

2通用术语······17

2.1一般术语······17

2.2水文学······18

2.3水文循环······20

2.4水文气象······26

2.5流域与水系······33

2.6河流水情······42

2.7泥沙······45

2.8冰情······49

2.9湖泊水库······54

2.10沼泽······60

2.11冰川······62

2.12河流潮汐······64

2.13墒情······68

2.14地下水······70

2.15城市水文······82

3水文站网······84

3.1一般术语······84

3.2水文测站······85

3.3水文测站按监测要素分类······86

3.4水文测站按服务目的分类······88

3.5水文测站按布设位置分类······89

3.6水文测站按工作模式分类······90

3.7水文站网······91

3.8水文监测环境······92

3.9水文站网管理······93

4水文监测······95

4.1一般术语······95

4.2测验基本设施及测量······97

4.3降水量、蒸发量观测······102

4.4水位、水温、波浪检测······103

4.5水深、断面测量······105

4.6流速、流向、流量测验······107

4.7泥沙测验、泥沙颗粒级配分析······115

4.8地下水监测······121

4.9水环境监测······122

4.10水生态监测······125

4.11冰情观测······126

4.12墒情监测······128

4.13潮水河测验······128

4.14水库水文测验······130

4.15水文调查······132

4.16水文测验误差······135

5水文数据处理······140

5.1一般术语······140

5.2资料整编和汇编······141

5.3水文数据库······150

6水文情报预报······157

6.1一般术语······157

6.2水文情报······163

6.3产流及汇流······164

6.4水文模型······169

6.5洪水预报······171

6.6枯水预报······173

6.7冰凌预报······174

6.8水资源预测······174

6.9水质预报······174

6.10旱情预报······174

7水文水利计算······176

7.1一般术语······176

7.2水文统计及随机水文······180

7.3设计洪水······186

7.4设计年径流······191

7.5设计暴雨······192

7.6可能最大暴雨及可能最大洪水······194

7.7排涝排渍······196

7.8水利计算······198

8水资源······201

8.1一般术语······201

8.2水资源调查评价······203

8.3水资源系统分析······207

8.4水资源规划······208

8.5水资源开发利用······210

9水环境······214

9.1一般术语······214

9.2水环境质量······217

9.3水环境质量评价······221

9.4水环境保护······225

10水生态······228

10.1一般术语······228

10.2水生态系统······229

10.3水生态评估······230

10.4生态修复······232

11水文仪器及计量······234

11.1一般术语······234

11.2水文测验设备······235

11.3降水量、蒸发量观测仪器设备······236

11.4水位、水温、波浪观测仪器设备······240

11.5水深、断面测量仪器设备······245

11.6流速、流向、流量测验仪器设备······246

11.7泥沙测验、泥沙颗粒分析仪器设备······252

11.8地下水观测仪器设备······255

11.9冰情观测仪器设备······257

11.10墒情监测仪器设备······258

11.11水环境监测仪器设备······259

11.12水文自动测报系统······259

11.13水文计量······262

12水文实验······268

12.1一般术语······268

12.2径流实验······269

12.3蒸发实验······270

12.4水库水文实验······271

12.5河道（床）演变观测实验······271

12.6地下水和土壤水实验······271

13符号······273

附录A汉英术语条目索引······277

附录B英汉术语条目索引······279

本标准用词说明······282

附：条文说明······284

GBT50095-20141······1

1总则······486

2通用术语······488

3水文站网······490

4水文监测······491

5水文数据处理······493

6水文情报预报······495

7水文水利计算······497

8水资源······499

9水环境······501

10水生态······502

11水文仪器及计量······503

12水文实验······504

13符号······505